{"id":3994,"date":"2012-04-02T05:00:46","date_gmt":"2012-04-02T09:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/whamit.mit.edu\/?p=3994"},"modified":"2012-04-02T12:38:56","modified_gmt":"2012-04-02T16:38:56","slug":"3994","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/2012\/04\/02\/3994\/","title":{"rendered":"Linguistics Colloquium 4\/6 - Benjamin Spector"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Speaker: Benjamin Spector &#8212; Institut Jean Nicod, ENS<br clear='none'\/>\nDate\/Time: 3:30 PM, Friday 04\/06<br clear='none'\/>\nLocation: 32-141<br clear='none'\/>\nTitle: Generalized Scope Economy (Joint work with Clemens Mayr, ZAS Berlin)<\/p>\n<p>Abstract:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>It is a well-known fact that the relative scopes of several operators<br clear='none'\/>\nin a sentence do not always correspond to their relative surface<br clear='none'\/>\npositions. In order to account for such cases, covert scope shifting<br clear='none'\/>\noperations (CSSOs) such as QR and reconstruction have been assumed to<br clear='none'\/>\napply, resulting in hierarchical structures that deliver the correct<br clear='none'\/>\ninterpretation. Such operations, however, are not completely free to<br clear='none'\/>\napply. One type of restriction on the application of CSSOs has been<br clear='none'\/>\nextensively studied, namely, locality constraints that prevent a CSSO<br clear='none'\/>\nfrom covertly moving an operator out of a so-called scope-island.<br clear='none'\/>\nThere is, however, a second type of restriction that has not been<br clear='none'\/>\nstudied to the same extent. In many cases, a CSSO seems to be able to<br clear='none'\/>\nshift the scope of a certain expression x in a sentence S but cannot<br clear='none'\/>\naffect the scope of some other expression \u0096 call it y \u0096 in a<br clear='none'\/>\nstructurally parallel sentence where x has been replaced with y.<\/p>\n<p>Consider for instance the following pair:<\/p>\n<p>(1) Every student did not attend the talk<br clear='none'\/>\n> Inverse-scope possible: Not every student attended the talk<br clear='none'\/>\n(2) More than two students did not attend the talk<br clear='none'\/>\n> Inverse-scope marginal: ??? No more than two students attended the talk.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, the possibility of applying a CSSO seems to depend in<br clear='none'\/>\npart on the nature of the expressions that it targets. As far as we<br clear='none'\/>\nknow, the only attempt to account for these types of restrictions in a<br clear='none'\/>\ngeneral way is due to Beghelli & Stowell (1997). These authors propose<br clear='none'\/>\nto account for all the observed restrictions in terms of a<br clear='none'\/>\ncartographic analysis. They assume that CSSOs such as QR or<br clear='none'\/>\nreconstruction target different landing sites depending on the surface<br clear='none'\/>\nposition and the nature of the item that undergoes the operation.<br clear='none'\/>\nAlthough this proposal has broad empirical coverage, it is not really<br clear='none'\/>\nexplanatory, since it does not provide a principled account of why<br clear='none'\/>\nthe hierarchy of landing sites is the way it is. We develop an<br clear='none'\/>\nalternative approach whose goal is to account for the observed<br clear='none'\/>\nrestrictions in a unified way. We propose a new licensing<br clear='none'\/>\nconstraint on CSSOs, which is itself a generalization of Fox\u0092s 2000<br clear='none'\/>\nScope Economy. In short, we argue that a CSSO can only apply if the<br clear='none'\/>\nresulting interpretation is not logically stronger than or equivalent<br clear='none'\/>\nto the surface-scope interpretation. We will show that such a<br clear='none'\/>\nprinciple makes correct predictions for a broad range of structures,<br clear='none'\/>\ndiscuss how exactly it should be implemented, and address apparent<br clear='none'\/>\ncounterexamples.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Speaker: Benjamin Spector &#8212; Institut Jean Nicod, ENS Date\/Time: 3:30 PM, Friday 04\/06 Location: 32-141 Title: Generalized Scope Economy (Joint work with Clemens Mayr, ZAS Berlin) Abstract: It is a well-known fact that the relative scopes of several operators in a sentence do not always correspond to their relative surface positions. In order to account [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-talks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3994","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3994"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3994\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4009,"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3994\/revisions\/4009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3994"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3994"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ling-phil.mit.edu\/whamit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3994"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}